Infection-Induced Cardiac Decompensation in a Patient with Severe Mitral Stenosis and Multisystem Comorbidities: A Case Report
Nayana Jayachandran
*
General Hospital Trivandrum Kerala, India.
Haritha Lekshmi
General Hospital Trivandrum Kerala, India.
Abishek John W
General Hospital Trivandrum Kerala, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Multimorbidity involving respiratory infection, chronic lung disease, valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease, and chronic liver disease presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Lower respiratory tract infections are known to precipitate acute cardiovascular events through systemic inflammation, hypoxia, and increased myocardial oxygen demand, particularly in patients with pre-existing cardiac disease.
Case Presentation: A 47-year-old male with bronchial asthma, chronic lung disease, severe mitral stenosis, prior coronary artery disease, and chronic liver disease who presented with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection complicated by non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
Conclusion: This case highlights the complex interaction between infection and cardiac decompensation and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and multidisciplinary management in patients with significant comorbidities.
Keywords: Multimorbidity, lower respiratory tract infection, bronchial asthma, mitral stenosis, acute coronary syndrome, chronic liver disease